Brief Lay Background
Infantile nystagmus (IN) is a condition with continuous, uncontrollable side-to-side movements of the eyes that begin within the first few months of life. IN affects approximately 14 in every 10,000 births, and the cause remains unknown. This condition can significantly impact a child's eyesight and is the second most common cause of sight impairment in children.
Unfortunately, there is no current cure for IN. Early in life, the developing brain relies on the images formed on the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, to develop proper visual processing. However, decades of research have shown that when these retinal images are unclear, it can cause lasting changes in the organization and function of a brain region that is essential for vision called the primary visual cortex.
What problem/knowledge gap does it help address?
In individuals with IN, the continuous side-to-side eye movements cause the retinal images to move around, preventing the formation of a clear and stable image. This unstable visual input can change the normal development of the primary visual cortex.
Unfortunately, as individuals reach adulthood, the opportunity for the brain to reorganise itself becomes lost, limiting the ability to improve eye sight through later interventions.
Aim of the research project
To investigate primary visual cortex organisation in adults with IN, bridging a knowledge gap and improving therapeutic approaches.
Potential impact on people with sight loss
This research will provide new insights into brain adaptability, leading to better visual outcomes through early intervention. Collaborations with global research groups will drive breakthroughs in multiple fields, while integrating artificial intelligence will create advanced assistive technologies like smart head-mounted displays.
Combining clinical data with AI can predict brain changes, aiding in timely advice on visual potential and improving access to specialized teachers. Supporting early intervention policies will enhance treatment and quality of life.
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